2 way radio facilitates communication in two directions at the same time, The range of this type of radios is limited. This means that they can be used for reliable and effective communication only within the specified distance. Some of these radios are short range while others are long range radios. The short range radios are the ones that can be effectively used for communication within a short distance. The long range radios are the ones that can cover a larger area and facilitate communication between people who are in far off locations.

The range of a 2 way radio depends upon several factors. These factors are the following and include the frequency at which the radio operates at, the path between the receiver and the sender of data and the power of the transmitter.

In addition to these factors, the terrain of the area, whether there is any interference present, the type of antenna being used and the type of signal being transmitted all have to be taken into account.

The frequency affects the range in the sense that some radios can work on a single frequency while others can work on different frequencies. When the same frequency is used for sending and receiving data, the range of the radio is short. When the 2 way radios operate on different frequencies, the distance that can be covered by the radio is more. This is mainly because of the fact that different channels are used for sending and receiving data. The path between the sending and receiving radios also affects the range within which the radio can operate. If the path is shorter and has fewer obstacles, the range will be more. On the other hand if there are more obstacles in the path, the range will be low.

The 2 way radios can either be used as low power or high power radios. When the transmitter power is low, the radios can cover a shorter distance. When the transmitter power is high, the radios can cover a wider range. Most radios operate very effectively in line of sight frequencies. This means that they operate the best in plain areas as opposed to hilly areas where these radios cannot transmit efficiently. Also in plain areas, these radios can cover a wider range. In hilly areas, these radios can operate only in short ranges.

By the mid ’70s, the genre of science-based ideas had grown. Apart from book, science fictions come in the form of art, television, film, theater and game. Science fiction can be synonymous with the broader definition of ‘speculative fiction’ in organizational or marketing contexts. This is a highly creative works incorporating imaginative elements which is not found in contemporary reality. This includes horror, fantasy and related genres. This kind of books are also used to raise awareness of ecological ideas, narrates dystopia future. Frank Herbert and Kim Robinson are the well known names for their serious concern with ecological issues. This kind of fiction books are written on various themes like, cosmology, creation of universe, quantum suicide, the future, symbiont, ultimate fate of the universe etc.

Out of all the genre of books that have been written so far, science fiction seems to be one that is a class apart. The feeling towards the genre is either one of extreme hatred or fanatic following. One of great science fiction books that one can remember today are “Journey to the Center of the Earth,” by H. G. Wells, “The “Red Mars” by Kim Stanley, “Servant of the Bones” by Anne Rice, “Idoru” by William Gibson and “The Time Machine”. Today these hot listed names have been replaced with modern classical space operas like Robert A. Heinlein’s “Citizen of the Galaxy and.” This kind of science fiction has a certain epic scope in the stories. They contains fighting of galaxies, a twisted concept of time, phenomenal depictions of aliens, and many more.

Fortunately, to write for this genre it is not necessary to be a “techie,” or have to be a degree holder in quantum mechanics. Good sci-fi books, could not be popular if it is not about people. It examines the human condition, perhaps in a whole new atmosphere or in a new landscape or from an “alien” perspective. To create that all-important empathy between character and reader.